The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress and plays a central role in shaping the nation's foreign and national security policies. Established in 1789 under the Constitution of the United States, the Senate consists of 100 members, with two senators representing each state. Its constitutional responsibilities include approving treaties, confirming executive appointments, authorizing military action through legislation, overseeing the executive branch, and appropriating funds for national defence and foreign affairs. In the forthcoming session, the Senate is expected to discuss “Deliberating U.S. Strategy in the Iran Conflict: Congressional War Powers, Ongoing Military Engagement, and the Reshaping of Regional Security in the Middle East.” This agenda requires examining the constitutional, political, and strategic dimensions of United States involvement in the conflict with Iran and its broader implications for regional security. The background guide will analyze congressional war powers, ongoing military operations, executive authority, and the evolving security landscape in the Middle East. It is anticipated that senators will partake in debates that seek to determine the future direction of United States policy towards the conflict. This involves evaluating the use of military force, considering legislative oversight of executive action, and assessing the strategic consequences of continued engagement in the region. In addition, senators will deliberate upon diplomatic, economic, and defence measures that safeguard national interests while promoting regional stability. The objective of the committee is to formulate a coherent national strategy that balances constitutional responsibility, security priorities, and long-term geopolitical interests.